{"id":4150,"date":"2025-11-21T12:10:57","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:10:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/overticeportal.com.br\/?p=4150"},"modified":"2025-11-21T12:10:59","modified_gmt":"2025-11-21T15:10:59","slug":"cachorros-acompanham-humanos-em-migracoes-ha-milenios","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/portalam9.com.br\/?p=4150","title":{"rendered":"Cachorros acompanham humanos em migra\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tempo de leitura: 3 minutos<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uma an\u00e1lise de DNA antigo revelou que o cachorro \u00e9 \u201co fiel amigo do homem\u201d h\u00e1 pelo menos 10 mil anos: j\u00e1 o acompanhava em migra\u00e7\u00f5es intercontinentais naquela \u00e9poca, o que gerou uma grande diversidade f\u00edsica entre os peludos de quatro patas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Duas pesquisas recentes publicadas na revista Science confirmam, por um lado, que os c\u00e3es dom\u00e9sticos costumavam viajar junto aos humanos e se integravam \u00e0s suas sociedades desde o Holoceno \u2013 h\u00e1 aproximadamente 11,7 mil anos \u2013 e, por outro, que os c\u00e3es come\u00e7aram a se diversificar fisicamente antes de os humanos criarem as ra\u00e7as modernas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Companheiros de migra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O\u00a0primeiro estudo\u00a0aponta que os c\u00e3es viajavam com grupos humanos que migravam e se estabeleciam em diferentes partes da Europa, \u00c1sia e \u00c1rtico h\u00e1, pelo menos, mais de 10 mil anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os pesquisadores chegaram a essa conclus\u00e3o ap\u00f3s sequenciar 17 genomas de c\u00e3es que viveram h\u00e1 entre 9.700 e 870 anos, provenientes de\u00a0s\u00edtios arqueol\u00f3gicos na Sib\u00e9ria, na estepe euroasi\u00e1tica central e no noroeste da China \u2013 regi\u00f5es que passaram por mudan\u00e7as significativas durante o avan\u00e7o das culturas humanas no Holoceno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os dados foram comparados com os de 57 genomas de c\u00e3es antigos publicados anteriormente, 160 genomas de c\u00e3es modernos e 18 genomas humanos antigos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os resultados, segundo os cientistas, mostram que o movimento dos c\u00e3es dom\u00e9sticos pela estepe euroasi\u00e1tica, \u00c1sia oriental e Sib\u00e9ria oriental \u00e0s vezes coincidia com as migra\u00e7\u00f5es de povos ca\u00e7adores-coletores, agricultores e pastores, e que \u00e9 poss\u00edvel que comunidades de origens diferentes tenham trocado c\u00e3es entre si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diversos desde a antiguidade<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Outro estudo\u00a0confirma que a diversidade f\u00edsica dos c\u00e3es existia h\u00e1 mais de 10 mil anos e que, diferentemente do que se pensava, n\u00e3o come\u00e7ou com a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o seletiva que os humanos promoveram ao longo dos \u00faltimos 200 anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para entender como os c\u00e3es dom\u00e9sticos se desenvolveram e se diversificaram em sua forma f\u00edsica ao longo do tempo, pesquisadores fizeram uma an\u00e1lise em 3D de 643 cr\u00e2nios caninos com at\u00e9 50 mil anos de idade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com a ajuda de modelos digitais em 3D, scanners a laser ou fotogrametria, os pesquisadores compararam caracter\u00edsticas cranianas espec\u00edficas entre c\u00e3es antigos e modernos, al\u00e9m de seus parentes selvagens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os resultados mostram que os tra\u00e7os distintivos do cr\u00e2nio dos c\u00e3es \u2013 um focinho mais encurtado e uma face mais larga em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com lobos \u2013 apareceram pela primeira vez durante o Holoceno inicial, como demonstram os restos encontrados na R\u00fassia e datados de 10,8 mil anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os c\u00e3es mais antigos conhecidos do Mesol\u00edtico e do Neol\u00edtico possu\u00edam cr\u00e2nios dentro da faixa de tamanhos modernos, mas eram tipicamente menores e menos variados, sem as caracter\u00edsticas exageradas que definem muitas ra\u00e7as atuais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ainda assim, sua diversidade era surpreendente. Os c\u00e3es do Holoceno inicial exibiam aproximadamente metade da varia\u00e7\u00e3o morfol\u00f3gica observada nos c\u00e3es modernos e o dobro da de seus ancestrais lobos do Pleistoceno, o que sugere que j\u00e1 havia surgido uma not\u00e1vel varia\u00e7\u00e3o na forma dos c\u00e3es mil\u00eanios antes das pr\u00e1ticas modernas de cria\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMuitas vezes presumimos que a diversidade entre os c\u00e3es surgiu na era vitoriana, ao longo dos \u00faltimos dois s\u00e9culos \u2013 mas n\u00e3o\u201d, afirmou \u00e0 revista Nature a bioarque\u00f3loga Allowen Evin, da Universidade de Montpellier. \u201cO que descobrimos \u00e9 que, desde o in\u00edcio, houve uma diversidade enorme, muito maior do que esper\u00e1vamos\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os motivos dessa diversidade n\u00e3o est\u00e3o claros. Segundo Evin, elas poderiam ser fruto de tentativas de reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o seletiva, \u00e0 medida em que humanos buscavam adaptar c\u00e3es \u00e0s diferentes necessidades de seus povos, como ca\u00e7a, seguran\u00e7a ou companhia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fonte: Metr\u00f3poles \/ Foto: Maria Levkina\/ Getty Images
<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tempo de leitura: 3 minutos Uma an\u00e1lise de DNA antigo revelou que o cachorro \u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4151,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[39],"class_list":["post-4150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curiosidades-2","tag-destaque"],"yoast_head":"\nCachorros acompanham humanos em migra\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios - Portal Amazonas 9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/portalam9.com.br\/?p=4150\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cachorros acompanham humanos em migra\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios - Portal Amazonas 9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tempo de leitura: 3 minutos Uma an\u00e1lise de DNA antigo revelou que o cachorro \u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/portalam9.com.br\/?p=4150\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Portal Amazonas 9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-21T15:10:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-21T15:10:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/portalam9.com.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Reda\u00e7\u00e3o Portal AM9\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Reda\u00e7\u00e3o Portal AM9\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Reda\u00e7\u00e3o Portal AM9\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98ef830cc0fc3a08e33cb435efda505a\"},\"headline\":\"Cachorros acompanham humanos em migra\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-21T15:10:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-21T15:10:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150\"},\"wordCount\":655,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/98ef830cc0fc3a08e33cb435efda505a\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/11\\\/7.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"#Destaque\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Curiosidades\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/portalam9.com.br\\\/?p=4150\",\"name\":\"Cachorros acompanham humanos em migra\u00e7\u00f5es h\u00e1 mil\u00eanios - 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